The Ottoman Empire, under pressure from its ally Germany, declared a jihad shortly after entering the first world war. The move was calculated to rouse Muslims in the British, French, and Russian Empires to rebellion. Dismissed at the time and since as a "jihad made in Germany," the Ottoman attempt to turn the Great War into a holy war, failed to provoke mass revolt in any part of the Muslim world. Yes, as German Orientalists predicted, the mere threat of such a rebellion, particularly in British India, was enough to force Britian and its allies to divert scarce manpower and materiel away from the main theater of operations in the Western Front to the Ottoman Front.