For the past eight decades, former Prime Minister Winston Churchill has been lauded by neoconservatives and their fellow-travelers as the penultimate opponent of appeasement. By contrast, former Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, a lifelong anti-Communist, has been roundly condemned by neoconservatives as the greatest example of the follies of appeasement in modern history due to his decision to prevent the outbreak of World War Two with the Munich Agreement which was a compromise agreement signed by Britain, France, Italy and Nazi Germany in September 1938. The Munich Agreement ceded the Sudetenland, which was 90% ethnic German, to Germany, two decades after it had voted along with the rest of what was then the Republic of German Austria for an Anchluss with Germany that was supported by former President Woodrow Wilson.
Nazi German dictator, Adolf Hitler, was displeased that the Munich Agreement did not give him everything he wanted and foolishly proceeded to violate the Munich agreement by occupying the Czech Republic just six months later, causing Britain to overreact by issuing a military guarantee to Poland against a potential German aggression Hitler had never previously contemplated. This in turn caused Polish leaders to rule out any compromise with Hitler over the Polish controlled free city of Danzig, which was 95% German leading to the outbreak of war, after Hitler’s five-year attempt to employ diplomacy to secure its peaceful return and encourage Poland to ally with Germany against the Soviet Union had failed. The reunification of the German city of Danzig, which was not port of Poland but had been Polish occupied for two decades, with Germany was widely believed by many British and French leaders to have been the most just of Hitler’s demands.
